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Pierre Auguste Brahain Ducange
Pierre Auguste Brahain Ducange (Tours, ? — Paris, 1833) was a French journalist, minor diplomat, secret agent, swindler, and author. He was the father of the French author Victor Henri Joseph Brahain Ducange. He played an important role in the coup d'état of 22 January 1798 in the Batavian Republic, by general Herman Willem Daendels, which brought the radical unitarist faction of Wybo Fijnje and Pieter Vreede to power, and he helped write the ''Staatsregeling voor het Bataafse Volk'' of 1798 (the first Dutch Constitution).
==Early career==
Little is known about Ducange's life before 1783, the year in which his son was born. As a matter of fact, the name "Ducange" seems to have been assumed, as Ducange calls himself around this time "Brahain, dit Ducange." Still, in many sources he is designated "Ducange," or "Brahain Ducange," so that is the name that will be used here. In 1783 he also published ''Oeuvres commentées du sieur Hadoux:〔M. Hadoux, according to the title page, was ''maître de danse et citoyen à la Haye'', a dancing-master and citizen of The Hague; the publication place was listed as ''Criticopolis'', the "City of Critics".〕 expliquées et rendues intelligibles'' under the elaborate pseudonym ''André d'Acunenga Rhiba'', which is an anagram of his name.〔Emil Ottokar Weller, ''Index Pseudonymorum: Wörterbuch der Pseudonymen'' (1856), ''s.v.'' "Rhiba d'Acunenga, André".〕
He was secretary of the French ambassador to the Dutch Republic, Charles Olivier de Saint-Georges, marquis de Vérac,〔Charles-Olivier de Saint-Georges, marquis de Vérac (1743-1828)〕 until the ambassador discovered that he had leaked confidential information to a Dutch newspaper, and dismissed him.〔Mendels, p. 133〕 Before his employment at the embassy he apparently was a French tutor in a Dutch family in Amsterdam, and an occasional journalist. After his dismissal he took up journalism full-time, first in an Orangist newspaper, but after the Prussian intervention in the Patriot Revolt of 1787 he travelled for a time to Spain, where he reputedly earned a living as a swindler.〔Mendels, p. 134〕 Around 1790 he was back in the Netherlands, where he took up his journalistic work in Leiden as an editor of the French-language ''Gazette de Leyde''; in 1792 he went to Paris, where he was active in Jacobin circles. He briefly published a newspaper there, entitled ''Le Batave'' (""The Batavian"), which agitated for war against the Dutch Republic. During the next few years he apparently worked as a police spy for the French government, especially during the Reign of Terror. After the fall of the Robespierre regime he had to go abroad for a while to Germany, again apparently entering into a life of crime, until he suddenly emerged again in The Hague at the end of 1797 in the retinue of the new French ambassador to the Batavian Republic, Charles-François Delacroix.〔Mendels, pp. 133-134〕 He was appointed secretary of the ambassador, but apparently was also charged with keeping a discreet eye on the ambassador for Barras.〔Elias, fn. 12〕
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